The service life of Murata capacitors varies significantly depending on product type, material technology, and usage environment, and needs to be comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with specific series and application scenarios. The following is an explanation from the perspectives of technical characteristics, calculation methods, and influencing factors:
1、 The lifespan differences of different capacitor series
Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor (MLCC)
Conventional lifespan: The lifespan of MLCC can usually reach several decades, but it is greatly affected by temperature, voltage, and other conditions during actual use. For example, Murata's newly launched 1608M MLCC (GRM188 series) can still operate stably in a high temperature environment of 105 ℃, and its lifespan has been verified through high-temperature acceleration tests.
Life prediction: Based on the Arrhenius acceleration formula, if used in an environment of 65 ℃ and 5V, the estimated life can reach about 41 years; At 85 ℃ and 20V high voltage, the lifespan is significantly shortened.
Supercapacitors (EDLC, such as DMT/DMF series)
Cycle life: Murata supercapacitors support over 100000 charge and discharge cycles, with a lifespan generally exceeding 10 years. For example, the DMT series can maintain long-term reliability within a wide temperature range of 30 ℃ to+85 ℃, making it suitable for high-frequency charging and discharging scenarios.
High temperature tolerance: The DMF series has better ESR stability than similar products in low temperature environments, and the packaging is ultra-thin (2.5mm), suitable for high-power devices such as LED flashlights.
Silicon capacitors (such as HTSC/XTSC series)
Extreme environmental lifespan: Silicon capacitors undergo semiconductor breakdown mode testing (TDDB), with an expected lifespan of 10 years when subjected to a recommended voltage (such as 32V) at a high temperature of 100 ℃. If the temperature drops to 37 ℃, the lifespan can be extended to 3076 years.
Voltage sensitivity: For example, PICS3HV silicon capacitors have a lifespan of 10 years at 16V and 100 ℃, but their lifespan drops sharply to 1.2 years when the voltage is increased to 19V.
Solid state capacitors
Self healing feature: Some solid-state capacitors have built-in self-healing technology, which can repair micro short circuit problems and significantly extend their lifespan. For example, the high-temperature operation series can operate stably at 105 ℃ and is suitable for high demand scenarios such as automotive electronics.
Low impedance design: By optimizing materials to reduce energy loss, improve power efficiency, and extend the overall service life of equipment.
2、 Key factors affecting lifespan
Temperature and Voltage
High temperature and high voltage are the "accelerators" of capacitor lifespan. For example, the lifespan of silicon capacitors at 100 ℃ is only one tenth of that at room temperature.
Murata suggests that the working temperature of MLCC should not exceed the rated range (such as X6S material supporting 55 ℃ to 105 ℃) to slow down material aging.
Storage conditions
Unused capacitors should be stored in an environment with a temperature range of 10 ℃ to+40 ℃ and a humidity of 30% to 60% to avoid material oxidation or moisture. Long term improper storage may lead to pin corrosion or performance degradation.
Mechanical stress and frequency
Capacitors in high-frequency circuits (such as GJM series) need to pay attention to the impact of equivalent series inductance (ESL) on their lifespan, while metal terminal design (such as KRM series) can reduce PCB bending stress and improve durability.
3、 Practical suggestions for extending lifespan
Selection and adaptation: Choose a series that matches temperature and pressure resistance according to the application scenario. For example, silicon capacitors or solid-state capacitors are preferred for high-temperature environments, and low ESL MLCC is selected for high-frequency circuits.
Environmental control: Ensure good heat dissipation of the equipment and avoid long-term exposure of capacitors to high temperatures or humid environments. For example, when MLCC in AI servers needs to be installed close to IC, the heat dissipation design needs to be optimized.
Regular testing: Conduct capacitance parameter testing on long-term operating equipment (such as industrial control systems) and replace aging or leakage current increasing components in a timely manner.
The lifespan of Murata capacitors varies from several years to several decades and needs to be comprehensively evaluated based on product type and usage conditions. Through scientific selection, reasonable storage, and environmental control, its performance advantages can be maximized. For specific needs (such as extreme temperature or high-frequency scenarios), it is recommended to refer to Murata's official technical documentation or contact suppliers for customized solutions.